In computer hardware, a CPU socket or CPU slot comprises one or more mechanical components providing mechanical and electrical connections between a microprocessor and a printed circuit board (PCB). This allows for placing and replacing the central processing unit (CPU) without soldering.
Common sockets have retention clips that apply a constant force, which must be overcome when a device is inserted. For chips with a large number of pins, either zero insertion force (ZIF) sockets or land grid array (LGA) sockets are used instead. These designs apply a compression force once either a handle (for ZIF type) or a surface plate (LGA type) is put into place. This provides superior mechanical retention while avoiding the risk of bending pins when inserting the chip into the socket.
CPU sockets are used on the motherboard in desktop and server computers. As they allow easy swapping of components, they are also used for prototyping new circuits. Laptops typically use surface-mount CPUs, which take up less space on the motherboard than a socketed part.
History
In the past, dual in-line package (DIP) sockets have been used for processors such as Motorola 68000. Other types used include PLCC and CLCC sockets.
Function
A CPU socket is made of plastic, and comes with a lever or latch, and with metal contacts for each of the pins or lands on the CPU. Many packages are keyed to ensure the proper insertion of the CPU. CPUs with a PGA (pin grid array) package are inserted into the socket and the latch is closed. CPUs with an LGA package are inserted into the socket, the latch plate is flipped into position atop the CPU, and the lever is lowered and locked into place, pressing the CPU's contacts firmly against the socket's lands and ensuring a good connection, as well as increased mechanical stability.
List of 80x86 sockets and slots
Table legend:
Slotkets
Slotkets are special adapters for using socket processors in bus-compatible slot motherboards.
See also
- List of AMD microprocessors
- List of Intel microprocessors
References
External links
- Socket ID Guide
- CPU Sockets Chart - A fairly detailed table listing x86 Sockets and associated attributes.
- techPowerUp! CPU Database
- Processor sockets