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› Unlabelled › List Of Birds Of Canada And The United States - Water Birds Of North America

Kamis, 03 Agustus 2017

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North American birds most closely resemble those of Eurasia, which was connected to the continent as part of the supercontinent Laurasia until around 60 million years ago. Many groups occur throughout the Northern Hemisphere and worldwide. However some groups unique to the New World have also arisen; those represented in this list are the hummingbirds, the New World vultures, the New World quail, the tyrant flycatchers, the vireos, the mimids, the New World warblers, the tanagers, the cardinals and the icterids.

Several common birds in North America, such as the house sparrow, the rock pigeon, the European starling and the mute swan are introduced species, meaning that they are not native to this continent but were brought here by humans from Europe or elsewhere. Introduced species are marked on this list as (I). There may be species that have individual escapees or small feral populations in North America that are not on this list. This is especially true of birds that are commonly held as pets, such as parrots and finches.

One species, the cattle egret, was historically an African bird. In the 20th century this bird colonized North America and is now found throughout the lower 48 states of the United States. The cattle egret is the only Old World bird to establish itself in North America in historical times without being introduced by humans. As such, it is not marked as introduced on this list. Neither is the glossy ibis, which probably had a similar history.

The status of one bird on the North American list, the ivory-billed woodpecker, is controversial. Until 2005 this bird was widely considered to be extinct. In April of that year, it was reported that at least one adult male bird had been sighted in the Cache River National Wildlife Refuge in Arkansas. This report however, has not been universally accepted, and the American Birding Association still lists the ivory-billed woodpecker as extinct.

The definition of the area covered by a list of "North American" birds is somewhat subjective. The original list published by the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU) in 1886 covered birds found in North America north of Mexico, and included Baja California, Bermuda and Greenland. In 1983, the area was expanded to include all of Mexico, Central America south through Panama, the West Indies and the Hawaiian Islands, while Greenland was dropped. This expansion more than doubled the number of birds on the AOU list. Other organizations, such as the American Birding Association (ABA), use a smaller area: the current ABA area includes the 49 continental states of the US, Canada and the French islands of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, plus surrounding waters. It does not include Greenland, Bermuda, the Bahamas or the Hawaiian Islands. This article is based on a checklist used by the ABA, which used by most field guides for North American birds, and is complete up to October 2015. Since the ABA follows the AOU on taxonomical matters, the AOU's list is used to settle questions of taxonomy.


Condition of bird population



source : www.focusonnature.com

A study by the National Audubon Society has found that populations of some the most common birds in North America have plummeted since 1967, with some species showing a decline of 80 percent. The study also found that California species were particularly affected, with population declines of 75 to 96 percent for several species, including the northern pintail, horned lark and loggerhead shrike. The decline may be due to loss of habitat to urban sprawl, especially grasslands, forests and wetlands, energy development and industrialized agriculture. Climate change could compound losses in the future.

Taxonomy



source : en.wikipedia.org

The taxonomic treatment (designation and sequence of orders, families and species) and nomenclature (common and scientific names) used in the accompanying bird lists adhere to the conventions of the AOU's (1998) Check-list of North American Birds, the recognized scientific authority on the taxonomy and nomenclature of North America birds. The AOU's Committee on Classification and Nomenclature, the body responsible for maintaining and updating the Check-list, "strongly and unanimously continues to endorse the biological species concept (BSC), in which species are considered to be genetically cohesive groups of populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups" (AOU 1998). See Sibley-Ahlquist taxonomy for an alternative phylogenetic arrangement based on DNA-DNA hybridization.

Unless otherwise noted, all species listed below are considered to occur regularly in North America as permanent residents, summer or winter residents or visitors, or migrants. The following codes are used to designate some species:

  • (A) = accidental occurrence; based on one or two (rarely more) records, and unlikely to occur regularly
  • (C) = casual occurrence; based on two or more records, with subsequent records not improbable
  • (E) = Extinct; a recent species that no longer exists
  • (Ex) = extirpated; no longer occurs in area of interest, but other populations still exist elsewhere
  • (I) = introduced population; established solely as result of direct or indirect human intervention; synonymous with non-native and non-indigenous

This list follows the ABA for determination of rarity. The markings (A) and {C} correspond to the ABA birding codes five and four respectively.

Conservation status - IUCN Red List of Threatened Species:

EX - extinct, EW - extinct in the wild
CR - critically endangered, EN - endangered, VU - vulnerable
NT - near threatened, LC - least concern
DD - data deficient, NE - not evaluated
(v. 2013.2, the data is current as of April 25, 2017)

and Endangered Species Act:

E - endangered, T - threatened
XN, XE - experimental non essential or essential population
E(S/A), T(S/A) - endangered or threatened due to similarity of appearance
(including taxa not necessarily found in the USA, the data is current as of March 28, 2014)

Ducks, geese and swans



source : www.audubon.org

Order: Anseriformes   Family: Anatidae

The family Anatidae includes the ducks and most duck-like waterfowl, such as geese and swans. These birds are adapted to an aquatic existence with webbed feet, bills which are flattened to a greater or lesser extent, and feathers that are excellent at shedding water due to special oils.

  • Black-bellied whistling duck, Dendrocygna autumnalis LC
  • Fulvous whistling duck, Dendrocygna bicolor LC
  • Taiga bean goose, Anser fabalis LC (without A. serrirostris)
  • Tundra bean goose, Anser serrirostris (A. fabalis: LC)
  • Pink-footed goose, Anser brachyrhynchus (C) LC
  • Graylag goose, Anser anser (A) LC
  • Greater white-fronted goose, Anser albifrons LC
  • Lesser white-fronted goose, Anser erythropus (A) VU
  • Emperor goose, Chen canagica NT
  • Snow goose, Chen caerulescens LC
  • Ross's goose, Chen rossii LC
  • Cackling goose, Branta hutchinsii LC
  • Canada goose, Branta canadensis LC
  • Nene, Branta sandvicensis VU E
  • Brent goose, Branta bernicla LC
  • Barnacle goose, Branta leucopsis (C) LC
  • Mute swan, Cygnus olor (I) LC
  • Trumpeter swan, Cygnus buccinator LC
  • Tundra swan, Cygnus columbianus LC
  • Whooper swan, Cygnus cygnus LC
  • Egyptian goose, Alopachen aegyptiaca (I) LC
  • Muscovy duck, Cairina moschata LC
  • Wood duck, Aix sponsa LC
  • Gadwall, Anas strepera LC
  • Falcated duck, Anas falcata (C) NT
  • Eurasian wigeon, Anas penelope LC
  • American wigeon, Anas americana LC
  • American black duck, Anas rubripes LC
  • Mallard, Anas platyrhynchos LC
  • Hawaiian duck, Anas wyvilliana EN E
  • Laysan duck, Anas laysanensis CR E
  • Mottled duck, Anas fulvigula LC
  • Spot-billed duck, Anas poecilorhyncha (A) LC (only Eastern spot-billed duck, Anas (poecilorhyncha) zonorhyncha)
  • Blue-winged teal, Anas discors LC
  • Cinnamon teal, Anas cyanoptera LC
  • Northern shoveler, Anas clypeata LC
  • White-cheeked pintail, Anas bahamensis (C) LC
  • Northern pintail, Anas acuta LC
  • Garganey, Anas querquedula (C) LC
  • Baikal teal, Anas formosa (C) LC
  • Green-winged teal, Anas carolinensis (A. crecca: LC)
  • Common teal Anas crecca (C) LC
  • Canvasback, Aythya valisineria LC
  • Redhead, Aythya americana LC
  • Common pochard, Aythya ferina LC
  • Ring-necked duck, Aythya collaris LC
  • Tufted duck, Aythya fuligula LC
  • Greater scaup, Aythya marila LC
  • Lesser scaup, Aythya affinis LC
  • Steller's eider, Polysticta stelleri VU T
  • Spectacled eider, Somateria fischeri LC T
  • King eider, Somateria spectabilis LC
  • Common eider, Somateria mollissima LC
  • Harlequin duck, Histrionicus histrionicus LC
  • Labrador duck, Camptorhynchus labradorius (E) EX
  • Surf scoter, Melanitta perspicillata LC
  • White-winged scoter, Melanitta deglandi LC
  • Black scoter, Melanitta americana NT
  • Common scoter, Melanitta nigra (A) LC
  • Long-tailed duck, Clangula hyemalis VU
  • Bufflehead, Bucephala albeola LC
  • Common goldeneye, Bucephala clangula LC
  • Barrow's goldeneye, Bucephala islandica LC
  • Smew, Mergellus albellus LC
  • Hooded merganser, Lophodytes cucullatus LC
  • Common merganser, Mergus merganser LC
  • Red-breasted merganser, Mergus serrator LC
  • Masked duck, Nomonyx dominicus LC
  • Ruddy duck, Oxyura jamaicensis LC

Curassows and guans



source : en.wikipedia.org

Order: Galliformes   Family: Cracidae

The chachalacas, guans and curassows are birds in the family Cracidae. These are large birds, similar in general appearance to turkeys. The guans and curassows live in trees, but the smaller chachalacas are found in more open scrubby habitats. They are generally dull-plumaged, but the curassows and some guans have colorful facial ornaments.

  • Plain chachalaca, Ortalis vetula LC

Partridges, grouse, turkeys and Old World quail



source : blog.nature.org

Order: Galliformes   Family: Phasianidae

Phasianidae consists of the pheasants and their allies. These are terrestrial species, variable in size but generally plump with broad relatively short wings. Many species are gamebirds or have been domesticated as a food source for humans.

  • Gray francolin, Francolinus pondicerianus (I) LC
  • Black francolin, Francolinus francolinus (I) LC
  • Erckel's francolin, Pternistis erckelii (I) LC
  • Chukar, Alectoris chukar (I) LC
  • Himalayan snowcock, Tetraogallus himalayensis (I) LC
  • Gray partridge, Perdix perdix (I) LC
  • Red junglefowl, Gallus gallus (I) LC
  • Ring-necked pheasant, Phasianus colchicus (I) LC
  • Kalij pheasant, Lophura leucomelanos (I) LC
  • Japanese quail, Coturnix japonica (I) NT
  • Ruffed grouse, Bonasa umbellus LC
  • Greater sage-grouse, Centrocercus urophasianus NT
  • Gunnison sage-grouse, Centrocercus minimus EN
  • Willow ptarmigan, Lagopus lagopus LC
  • Rock ptarmigan, Lagopus muta LC
  • White-tailed ptarmigan, Lagopus leucura LC
  • Spruce grouse, Falcipennis canadensis LC
  • Dusky grouse, Dendragapus obscurus LC
  • Sooty grouse, Dendragapus fuliginosus LC
  • Sharp-tailed grouse, Tympanuchus phasianellus LC
    • Columbian sharp-tailed grouse, T. phasianellus columbianus
  • Greater prairie chicken, Tympanuchus cupido VU (Attwater's prairie chicken T. c. attwateri: E)
  • Lesser prairie chicken, Tympanuchus pallidicinctus VU
  • Wild turkey, Meleagris gallopavo LC

New World quail



source : en.wikipedia.org

Order: Galliformes   Family: Odontophoridae

The New World quails are small, plump terrestrial birds only distantly related to the quails of the Old World, but named for their similar appearance and habits.

  • Mountain quail, Oreortyx pictus LC
  • Scaled quail, Callipepla squamata LC
  • California quail, Callipepla californica LC
  • Gambel's quail, Callipepla gambelii LC
  • Northern bobwhite, Colinus virginianus NT (Masked bobwhite C. v. ridgwayi : E)
  • Montezuma quail, Cyrtonyx montezumae LC (Merriam's Montezuma quail C. m. merriami: E)

Loons



source : www.pinterest.com

Order: Gaviiformes   Family: Gaviidae

Loons are aquatic birds the size of a large duck, to which they are unrelated. Their plumage is largely gray or black, and they have spear-shaped bills. Loons swim well and fly adequately, but, because their legs are placed towards the rear of the body, are almost helpless on land.

  • Red-throated loon, Gavia stellata LC
  • Arctic loon, Gavia arctica LC
  • Pacific loon, Gavia pacifica LC
  • Common loon, Gavia immer LC
  • Yellow-billed loon, Gavia adamsii NT

Grebes



source : en.wikipedia.org

Order: Podicipediformes   Family: Podicipedidae

Grebes are small to medium-large freshwater diving birds. They have lobed toes and are excellent swimmers and divers. However, they have their feet placed far back on the body, making them quite ungainly on land.

  • Least grebe, Tachybaptus dominicus LC
  • Pied-billed grebe, Podilymbus podiceps LC
  • Horned grebe, Podiceps auritus LC
  • Red-necked grebe, Podiceps grisegena LC
  • Eared grebe, Podiceps nigricollis LC
  • Western grebe, Aechmophorus occidentalis LC
  • Clark's grebe, Aechmophorus clarkii LC

Flamingos



source : www.fws.gov

Order: Phoenicopteriformes   Family: Phoenicopteridae

Flamingos are gregarious wading birds, usually 3 to 5 feet (0.9 to 1.5 m) tall, found in both the Western and Eastern hemispheres. Flamingos filter-feed on shellfish and algae. Their oddly shaped beaks are specially adapted to separate mud and silt from the food they consume and, uniquely, are used upside-down.

  • American flamingo, Phoenicopterus ruber LC

Albatrosses



Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Diomedeidae

The albatrosses are amongst the largest of flying birds, and the great albatrosses from the genus Diomedea have the largest wingspans of any extant birds.

  • Yellow-nosed albatross, Thalassarche chlororhynchos (C) EN
  • Salvin's albatross, Thalassarche salvini (A) VU
  • Black-browed albatross, Thalassarche melanophris (A) NT
  • Light-mantled albatross, Phoebetria palpebrata (A) NT
  • Wandering albatross, Diomedea exulans (A) VU
  • Laysan albatross, Phoebastria immutabilis NT
  • Black-footed albatross, Phoebastria nigripes NT
  • Short-tailed albatross, Phoebastria albatrus VU E

Shearwaters and petrels



Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Procellariidae

The procellariids are the main group of medium-sized "true petrels", characterized by united nostrils with medium septum and a long outer functional primary.

  • Northern fulmar, Fulmarus glacialis LC
  • Great-winged petrel, Pterodroma macroptera (A) LC
  • Herald petrel, Pterodroma arminjoniana VU
  • Murphy's petrel, Pterodroma ultima NT
  • Mottled petrel, Pterodroma inexpectata NT
  • Hawaiian petrel, Pterdroma sandwichensis VU
  • Bermuda petrel, Pterodroma cahow EN
  • Black-capped petrel, Pterodroma hasitata EN
  • Galápagos petrel Pterodroma phaeopygia CR
  • Zino's petrel Pterodroma madeira EN
  • Fea's petrel Pterodroma feae NT
  • Cook's petrel, Pterodroma cookii VU
  • Stejneger's petrel, Pterodroma longirostris (C) VU
  • Providence petrel, Pterodroma solandri (A) VU
  • Bulwer's petrel, Bulweria bulwerii (A) LC
  • White-chinned petrel, Procellaria aequinoctialis (A) VU
  • Black petrel, Procellaria parkinsoni (A) VU
  • Streaked shearwater, Calonectris leucomelas (C) LC
  • Cory's shearwater, Calonectris diomedea LC
  • Cape Verde shearwater, Calonectris edwardsii (A) NT
  • Pink-footed shearwater, Ardenna creatopus VU
  • Flesh-footed shearwater, Ardenna carneipes NT
  • Great shearwater, Ardenna gravis LC
  • Wedge-tailed shearwater, Ardenna pacificus (C) LC
  • Buller's shearwater, Ardenna bulleri VU
  • Sooty shearwater, Ardenna griseus NT
  • Short-tailed shearwater, Ardenna tenuirostris LC
  • Christmas shearwater, Puffinus nativitatis LC
  • Manx shearwater, Puffinus puffinus LC
  • Townsend's shearwater, Puffinus auricularis (A) CR
  • Newell's shearwater, Puffinus newelli EN T
  • Black-vented shearwater, Puffinus opisthomelas NT
  • Audubon's shearwater, Puffinus lherminieri LC
  • Barolo shearwater, Puffinus baroli (A) (P. assimilis: LC)

Storm petrels



Order: Procellariiformes   Family: Hydrobatidae

The storm petrels are the smallest seabirds, relatives of the petrels, feeding on planktonic crustaceans and small fish picked from the surface, typically while hovering. The flight is fluttering and sometimes bat-like.

  • Wilson's storm petrel, Oceanites oceanicus LC
  • White-faced storm petrel, Pelagodroma marina LC
  • Black-bellied storm petrel, Fregetta tropica (A) LC
  • Fork-tailed storm petrel, Oceanodroma furcata LC
  • Hornby's storm petrel, Oceanodroma hornbyi (A) DD
  • Leach's storm petrel, Oceanodroma leucorhoa VU
  • Townsend's storm petrel, Oceanodroma socorroensis
  • Ashy storm petrel, Oceanodroma homochroa EN
  • Band-rumped storm petrel, Oceanodroma castro LC
  • Wedge-rumped storm petrel, Oceanodroma tethys (C) LC
  • Black storm petrel, Oceanodroma melania LC
  • Least storm petrel, Oceanodroma microsoma LC
  • Tristram's storm petrel, Oceanodroma tristrami (A) NT

Tropicbirds



Order: Phaethontiformes   Family: Phaethontidae

Tropicbirds are slender white birds of tropical oceans, with exceptionally long central tail feathers. Their long wings have black markings, as does the head.

  • White-tailed tropicbird, Phaethon lepturus LC
  • Red-billed tropicbird, Phaethon aethereus LC
  • Red-tailed tropicbird, Phaethon rubricauda (C) LC

Boobies and gannets



Order: Suliformes   Family: Sulidae

The sulids comprise the gannets and boobies. Both groups are medium-large coastal seabirds that plunge-dive for fish.

  • Masked booby, Sula dactylatra LC
  • Blue-footed booby, Sula nebouxii (C) LC
  • Brown booby, Sula leucogaster LC
  • Red-footed booby, Sula sula (C) LC
  • Northern gannet, Morus bassanus LC

Cormorants



Order: Suliformes   Family: Phalacrocoracidae

Cormorants are medium-to-large aquatic birds, usually with mainly dark plumage and areas of colored skin on the face. The bill is long, thin and sharply hooked. Their feet are four-toed and webbed, a distinguishing feature among the Pelecaniformes order

  • Brandt's cormorant, Phalacrocorax penicillatus LC
  • Neotropic cormorant, Phalacrocorax brasilianus LC
  • Double-crested cormorant, Phalacrocorax auritus LC
  • Great cormorant, Phalacrocorax carbo LC
  • Red-faced cormorant, Phalacrocorax urile LC
  • Pelagic cormorant, Phalacrocorax pelagicus LC

Darters



Order: Suliformes   Family: Anhingidae

Darters are cormorant-like water birds with very long necks and long, straight beaks. They are fish eaters which often swim with only their neck above water.

  • Anhinga, Anhinga anhinga LC

Frigatebirds



Order: Suliformes   Family: Fregatidae

Frigatebirds are large seabirds usually found over tropical oceans. They are large, black or black-and-white birds, with long wings and deeply forked tails. The males have colored inflatable throat pouches. They do not swim or walk and cannot take off from a flat surface. Having the largest wingspan-to-body-weight ratio of any bird, they are essentially aerial, able to stay aloft for more than a week.

  • Magnificent frigatebird, Fregata magnificens LC
  • Great frigatebird, Fregata minor (A) LC
  • Lesser frigatebird, Fregata ariel (A) LC

Pelicans



Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Pelecanidae

Pelicans are very large water birds with a distinctive pouch under their beak. Like other birds in the order Pelecaniformes, they have four webbed toes.

  • American white pelican, Pelecanus erythrorhynchos LC
  • Brown pelican, Pelecanus occidentalis LC

Bitterns, herons and egrets



Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Ardeidae

The family Ardeidae contains the herons, egrets and bitterns. Herons and egrets are medium to large wading birds with long necks and legs. Bitterns tend to be shorter necked and more secretive. Members of Ardeidae fly with their necks retracted, unlike other long-necked birds such as storks, ibises and spoonbills.

  • American bittern, Botaurus lentiginosus LC
  • Yellow bittern, Ixobrychus sinensis (A) LC
  • Least bittern, Ixobrychus exilis LC
  • Bare-throated tiger heron, Tigrisoma mexicanum (A) LC
  • Great blue heron, Ardea herodias LC
  • Gray heron, Ardea cinerea (A) LC
  • Great egret, Ardea alba LC
  • Intermediate egret, Mesophoyx intermedia (A) LC
  • Chinese egret, egretta eulophotes (A) VU
  • Little egret, egretta garzetta (C) LC
  • Western reef heron, egretta gularis (A) LC
  • Snowy egret, egretta thula LC
  • Little blue heron, egretta caerulea LC
  • Tricolored heron, egretta tricolor LC
  • Reddish egret, egretta rufescens NT
  • Cattle egret, Bubulcus ibis LC
  • Chinese pond heron, Ardeola bacchus (A) LC
  • Green heron, Butorides virescens LC
  • Black-crowned night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax LC
  • Yellow-crowned night heron, Nyctanassa violacea LC

Ibises and spoonbills



Order: Pelecaniformes   Family: Threskiornithidae

Members of this family have long, broad wings, are strong fliers and, rather surprisingly, given their size and weight, very capable soarers. The body tends to be elongated, the neck more so, with rather long legs. The bill is also long, decurved in the case of the ibises, straight and distinctively flattened in the spoonbills.

  • American white ibis, Eudocimus albus LC
  • Scarlet ibis, Eudocimus ruber (A) LC
  • Glossy ibis, Plegadis falcinellus LC
  • White-faced ibis, Plegadis chihi LC
  • Roseate spoonbill, Platalea ajaja LC

Storks



Order: Ciconiiformes   Family: Ciconiidae

Storks are large, heavy, long-legged, long-necked wading birds with long stout bills and wide wingspans. They lack the powder down that other wading birds such as herons, spoonbills and ibises use to clean off fish slime. Storks lack a pharynx and, as a result, are mute.

  • Jabiru, Jabiru mycteria (C) LC
  • Wood stork, Mycteria americana LC E

New World vultures



Order: Cathartiformes   Family: Cathartidae

The New World vultures are not closely related to Old World vultures, but superficially resemble them because of convergent evolution. Like the Old World vultures, they are scavengers. However, unlike Old World vultures, which find carcasses by sight, New World vultures have a good sense of smell with which they locate carcasses.

  • Black vulture, Coragyps atratus LC
  • Turkey vulture, Cathartes aura LC
  • California condor, Gymnogyps californianus (Ex) CR E (and XN)

Osprey



Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Pandionidae

Pandionidae is a family of fish-eating birds of prey, possessing a very large, powerful hooked beak for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight. The family is monotypic.

  • Osprey, Pandion haliaetus LC

Eagles, kites and allies



Order: Accipitriformes   Family: Accipitridae

Accipitridae is a family of birds of prey, which includes hawks, eagles, kites, harriers and Old World vultures. These birds have very large powerful hooked beaks for tearing flesh from their prey, strong legs, powerful talons and keen eyesight.

  • Hook-billed kite, Chondrohierax uncinatus LC (C. u. mirus and Cuban kite C. (u.) wilsonii: E)
  • Swallow-tailed kite, Elanoides forficatus LC
  • White-tailed kite, Elanus leucurus LC
  • Snail kite, Rostrhamus sociabilis LC (ssp. plumbeus: E)
  • Mississippi kite, Ictinia mississippiensis LC
  • Double-toothed kite, Harpagus bidentatus (A) LC
  • Bald eagle, Haliaeetus leucocephalus LC
  • White-tailed eagle, Haliaeetus albicilla (C) LC (ssp. groenlandicus: E)
  • Steller's sea eagle, Haliaeetus pelagicus (C) VU
  • Northern harrier, Circus cyaneus LC
  • Sharp-shinned hawk, Accipiter striatus LC (Accipiter striatus venator A. s. venator: E)
  • Cooper's hawk, Accipiter cooperii LC
  • Northern goshawk, Accipiter gentilis LC
  • Crane hawk, Geranospiza caerulescens (A) LC
  • Common black hawk, Buteogallus anthracinus LC
  • Harris's hawk, Parabuteo unicinctus LC
  • Gray hawk, Buteo plagiatus LC)
  • Roadside hawk, Buteo magnirostris (C) LC
  • Red-shouldered hawk, Buteo lineatus LC
  • Broad-winged hawk, Buteo platypterus LC (ssp. brunnescens: E)
  • Short-tailed hawk, Buteo brachyurus LC
  • Swainson's hawk, Buteo swainsoni LC
  • White-tailed hawk, Buteo albicaudatus LC
  • Zone-tailed hawk, Buteo albonotatus LC
  • Red-tailed hawk, Buteo jamaicensis LC
  • Ferruginous hawk, Buteo regalis LC
  • Rough-legged hawk, Buteo lagopus LC
  • Golden eagle, Aquila chrysaetos LC

Caracaras and falcons



Order: Falconiformes   Family: Falconidae

Falconidae is a family of diurnal birds of prey, notably the falcons and caracaras. They differ from hawks, eagles and kites in that they kill with their beaks instead of their talons.

  • Collared forest falcon, Micrastur semitorquatus (A) LC
  • Northern caracara, Caracara cheriway LC
  • Eurasian kestrel, Falco tinnunculus (C) LC
  • American kestrel, Falco sparverius LC
  • Merlin, Falco columbarius LC
  • Eurasian hobby, Falco subbuteo (C) LC
  • Red-footed falcon, Falco vespertinus (A) NT
  • Aplomado falcon, Falco femoralis LC (ssp. septentrionalis: E and XN)
  • Gyrfalcon, Falco rusticolus LC
  • Peregrine falcon, Falco peregrinus LC (ssp. peregrinus: E)
  • Prairie falcon, Falco mexicanus LC

Rails, gallinules and coots



Order: Gruiformes   Family: Rallidae

Rallidae is a large family of small to medium-sized birds which includes the rails, crakes, coots and gallinules. Typically, family members occupy dense vegetation in damp environments near lakes, swamps and rivers. In general they are shy and secretive birds, making them difficult to observe. Most species have strong legs and long toes which are well adapted to soft uneven surfaces. They tend to have short, rounded wings and to be weak flyers.

  • Yellow rail, Coturnicops noveboracensis LC
  • Black rail, Laterallus jamaicensis NT
  • Corn crake, Crex crex (C) LC
  • Clapper rail, Rallus crepitans LC
  • Ridgway's rail, Rallus obsoletus NT ( R. o. obsoletus, R. o. yumanensis and R. o. levipes: E)
  • King rail, Rallus elegans NT
  • Virginia rail, Rallus limicola LC
  • Sora, Porzana carolina LC
  • Paint-billed crake, Neocrex erythrops (A) LC
  • Spotted rail, Pardirallus maculatus (A) LC
  • Rufous-necked wood rail, Aramides axillaris (A) LC
  • Purple gallinule, Porphyrio martinicus LC
  • Common gallinule, Gallinula galeata (G. chloropus: LC)
  • Eurasian coot, Fulica atra (A) LC
  • American coot, Fulica americana LC (ssp. alai: E)

Sungrebe



Order: Gruiformes   Family: Heliornithidae

  • Sungrebe, Heliornis fulica (A) LC

Limpkin



Order: Gruiformes   Family: Aramidae

The limpkin is an odd bird that looks like a large rail, but is skeletally closer to the cranes. It is found in marshes with some trees or scrub in the Caribbean, South America and southern Florida.

  • Limpkin, Aramus guarauna LC

Cranes



Order: Gruiformes   Family: Gruidae

Cranes are large, long-legged and long-necked birds. Unlike the similar-looking, but unrelated, herons, cranes fly with their necks outstretched, not pulled back. Most have elaborate and noisy courting displays.

  • Sandhill crane, Grus canadensis LC (ssp. nesiotes and pulla: E)
  • Common crane, Grus grus (C) LC
  • Whooping crane, Grus americana EN E (and XN)

Thick-knees



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Burhinidae

The thick-knees are a group of largely tropical waders in the family Burhinidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone, with some species also breeding in temperate Europe and Australia. They are medium to large waders with strong black or yellow-black bills, large yellow eyes and cryptic plumage. Despite being classed as waders, most species have a preference for arid or semi-arid habitats.

  • Double-striped thick-knee, Burhinus bistriatus (A) LC

Lapwings and plovers



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Charadriidae

The family Charadriidae includes the plovers, dotterels and lapwings. They are small to medium-sized birds with compact bodies, short, thick necks and long, usually pointed, wings. They are found in open country worldwide, mostly in habitats near water.

  • Northern lapwing, Vanellus vanellus (C) LC
  • Black-bellied plover, Pluvialis squatarola LC
  • European golden plover, Pluvialis apricaria (C) LC
  • American golden plover, Pluvialis dominica LC
  • Pacific golden plover, Pluvialis fulva LC
  • Lesser sand plover, Charadrius mongolus (C) LC
  • Greater sand plover, Charadrius leschenaultii (A) LC
  • Collared plover, Charadrius collaris (A) LC
  • Snowy plover, Charadrius nivosus (Ch. alexandrinus: LC)
  • Wilson's plover, Charadrius wilsonia LC
  • Common ringed plover, Charadrius hiaticula LC
  • Semipalmated plover, Charadrius semipalmatus LC
  • Piping plover, Charadrius melodus NT T or E
  • Little ringed plover, Charadrius dubius (A) LC
  • Killdeer, Charadrius vociferus LC
  • Mountain plover, Charadrius montanus NT
  • Eurasian dotterel, Charadrius morinellus (C) LC

Oystercatchers



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Haematopodidae

The oystercatchers are large, obvious and noisy plover-like birds, with strong bills used for smashing or prying open molluscs.

  • Eurasian oystercatcher, Haematopus ostralegus (A) LC
  • American oystercatcher, Haematopus palliatus LC
  • Black oystercatcher, Haematopus bachmani LC

Stilts and avocets



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Recurvirostridae

Recurvirostridae is a family of large wading birds, which includes the avocets and stilts. The avocets have long legs and long up-curved bills. The stilts have extremely long legs and long, thin, straight bills.

  • Black-winged stilt, Himantopus himantopus (A) LC
  • Black-necked stilt, Himantopus mexicanus LC (Hawaiian stilt H. m. knudseni: E)
  • American avocet, Recurvirostra americana LC

Jacanas



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Jacanidae

The jacanas are a group of tropical waders in the family Jacanidae. They are found worldwide within the tropical zone. They are identifiable by their huge feet and claws which enable them to walk on floating vegetation in the shallow lakes that are their preferred habitat.

  • Northern jacana, Jacana spinosa (C) LC

Sandpipers and allies



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Scolopacidae

Scolopacidae is a large, diverse family of small to medium-sized shorebirds including the sandpiper, curlew, godwit, shank, tattler, woodcock, snipe, dowitcher and phalarope. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil. Different lengths of legs and bills enable multiple species to feed in the same habitat, particularly on the coast, without directly competing for food.

  • Common greenshank, Tringa nebularia LC
  • Greater yellowlegs, Tringa melanoleuca LC
  • Lesser yellowlegs, Tringa flavipes LC
  • Marsh sandpiper, Tringa stagnatilis (A) LC
  • Common redshank, Tringa totanus (A) LC
  • Spotted redshank, Tringa erythropus (C) LC
  • Wood sandpiper, Tringa glareola LC
  • Green sandpiper, Tringa ochropus (C) LC
  • Solitary sandpiper, Tringa solitaria LC
  • Willet, Tringa semipalmata LC
  • Wandering tattler, Tringa incana LC
  • Gray-tailed tattler, Tringa brevipes LC
  • Common sandpiper, Actitis hypoleucos LC
  • Spotted sandpiper, Actitis macularius LC
  • Terek sandpiper, Xenus cinereus LC
  • Upland sandpiper, Bartramia longicauda LC
  • Little curlew, Numenius minutus (A) LC
  • Eskimo curlew, Numenius borealis (E?) CR E
  • Whimbrel, Numenius phaeopus LC
  • Bristle-thighed curlew, Numenius tahitiensis VU
  • Far Eastern curlew, Numenius madagascariensis (C) VU
  • Slender-billed curlew, Numenius tenuirostris (E?) CR E
  • Eurasian curlew, Numenius arquata (C) NT
  • Long-billed curlew, Numenius americanus LC
  • Black-tailed godwit, Limosa limosa NT
  • Hudsonian godwit, Limosa haemastica LC
  • Bar-tailed godwit, Limosa lapponica NT
  • Marbled godwit, Limosa fedoa LC
  • Ruddy turnstone, Arenaria interpres LC
  • Black turnstone, Arenaria melanocephala LC
  • Great knot, Calidris tenuirostris (C) VU
  • Red knot, Calidris canutus NT
  • Sanderling, Calidris alba LC
  • Semipalmated sandpiper, Calidris pusilla NT
  • Western sandpiper, Calidris mauri LC
  • Red-necked stint, Calidris ruficollis LC
  • Little stint, Calidris minuta (A) LC
  • Temminck's stint, Calidris temminckii LC
  • Long-toed stint, Calidris subminuta LC
  • Least sandpiper, Calidris minutilla LC
  • White-rumped sandpiper, Calidris fuscicollis LC
  • Baird's sandpiper, Calidris bairdii LC
  • Pectoral sandpiper, Calidris melanotos LC
  • Sharp-tailed sandpiper, Calidris acuminata LC
  • Purple sandpiper, Calidris maritima LC
  • Rock sandpiper, Calidris ptilocnemis LC
  • Dunlin, Calidris alpina LC
  • Curlew sandpiper, Calidris ferruginea NT
  • Stilt sandpiper, Calidris himantopus LC
  • Buff-breasted sandpiper, Calidris subruficollis NT
  • Surfbird, Calidris virgata LC
  • Spoon-billed sandpiper, Calidris pygmeus (C) CR
  • Broad-billed sandpiper, Calidris falcinellus (C) LC
  • Ruff, Calidris pugnax LC
  • Short-billed dowitcher, Limnodromus griseus LC
  • Long-billed dowitcher, Limnodromus scolopaceus LC
  • Jack snipe, Lymnocryptes minimus (C) LC
  • Solitary snipe, Gallinago solitaria (A) LC
  • Wilson's snipe, Gallinago delicata (G. gallinago: LC)
  • Common snipe, Gallinago gallinago LC
  • Pin-tailed snipe, Gallinago stenura (A) LC
  • Eurasian woodcock, Scolopax rusticola (A) LC
  • American woodcock, Scolopax minor LC
  • Wilson's phalarope, Phalaropus tricolor LC
  • Red-necked phalarope, Phalaropus lobatus LC
  • Red phalarope, Phalaropus fulicarius LC

Pratincoles



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Glareolidae

Pratincoles have short legs, very long pointed wings and long forked tails. Their most unusual feature for birds classed as waders is that they typically hunt their insect prey on the wing like swallows, although they can also feed on the ground. Their short bills are an adaptation to aerial feeding.

  • Oriental pratincole, Glareola maldivarum (A) LC

Gulls, terns and skimmers



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Laridae

Laridae is a family of medium to large seabirds and includes gulls, terns, kittiwakes and skimmers. They are typically gray or white, often with black markings on the head or wings. They have stout, longish bills and webbed feet.

  • Swallow-tailed gull, Creagrus furcatus (A) LC
  • Black-legged kittiwake, Rissa tridactyla LC
  • Red-legged kittiwake, Rissa brevirostris VU
  • Ivory gull, Pagophila eburnea NT
  • Sabine's gull, Xema sabini LC
  • Bonaparte's gull, Chroicocephalus philadelphia LC
  • Gray-hooded gull, Chroicocephalus cirrocephalus (A) LC
  • Black-headed gull, Chroicocephalus ridibundus LC
  • Little gull, Hydrocoloeus minutus LC
  • Ross's gull, Rhodostethia rosea LC
  • Laughing gull, Leucophaeus atricilla LC
  • Franklin's gull, Leucophaeus pipixcan LC
  • Belcher's gull, Larus belcheri (A) LC
  • Black-tailed gull, Larus crassirostris (C) LC
  • Heermann's gull, Larus heermanni NT
  • Mew gull, Larus canus LC
  • Ring-billed gull, Larus delawarensis LC
  • Western gull, Larus occidentalis LC
  • Yellow-footed gull, Larus livens LC
  • California gull, Larus californicus LC
  • Herring gull, Larus (argentatus) smithsonianus (L. argentatus: )
  • Yellow-legged gull, Larus cachinnans (C) LC
  • Thayer's gull, Larus thayeri LC
  • Iceland gull, Larus glaucoides (without L. thayeri: LC)
  • Lesser black-backed gull, Larus fuscus LC
  • Slaty-backed gull, Larus schistisagus LC
  • Glaucous-winged gull, Larus glaucescens LC
  • Glaucous gull, Larus hyperboreus LC
  • Great black-backed gull, Larus marinus LC
  • Kelp gull, Larus dominicanus (C) LC
  • Gull-billed tern, Gelochelidon nilotica LC
  • Caspian tern, Hydroprogne caspia LC
  • Royal tern, Thalasseus maximus LC
  • Elegant tern, Thalasseus elegans NT
  • Sandwich tern, Sterna sandvicensis LC
  • Roseate tern, Sterna dougallii LC (ssp. dougallii: E or T)
  • Common tern, Sterna hirundo LC
  • Arctic tern, Sterna paradisaea LC
  • Forster's tern, Sterna forsteri LC
  • Least tern, Sternula antillarum LC E (California least tern S. a. browni: E)
  • Aleutian tern, Onychoprion aleuticus LC
  • Bridled tern, Onychoprion anaethetus LC
  • Sooty tern, Onychoprion fuscatus LC
  • Large-billed tern, Phaetusa simplex (A) LC
  • White-winged tern, Chlidonias leucopterus (C) LC
  • Whiskered tern, Chlidonias hybridus (A) LC
  • Black tern, Chlidonias niger LC
  • Brown noddy, Anous stolidus LC
  • Black noddy, Anous minutus LC
  • Black skimmer, Rynchops niger LC

Skuas



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Stercorariidae

Skuas are, in general, medium to large birds, typically with gray or brown plumage, often with white markings on the wings. They have longish bills with hooked tips and webbed feet with sharp claws. They look like large dark gulls, but have a fleshy cere above the upper mandible. They are strong, acrobatic fliers.

  • Great skua, Stercorarius skua LC
  • South polar skua, Stercorarius maccormicki LC
  • Pomarine jaeger, Stercorarius pomarinus LC
  • Parasitic jaeger, Stercorarius parasiticus LC
  • Long-tailed jaeger, Stercorarius longicaudus LC

Auks, murres and puffins



Order: Charadriiformes   Family: Alcidae

Alcids are superficially similar to penguins due to their black-and-white colors, their upright posture and some of their habits, however they are only distantly related to the penguins and are able to fly. Auks live on the open sea, only deliberately coming ashore to nest.

  • Dovekie, Alle alle LC
  • Common murre, Uria aalge LC
  • Thick-billed murre, Uria lomvia LC
  • Razorbill, Alca torda NT
  • Great auk, Pinguinus impennis (E) EX
  • Black guillemot, Cepphus grylle LC
  • Pigeon guillemot, Cepphus columba LC
  • Long-billed murrelet, Brachyramphus perdix NT
  • Marbled murrelet, Brachyramphus marmoratus EN T
  • Kittlitz's murrelet, Brachyramphus brevirostris NT
  • Scripps's murrelet, Synthliboramphus scrippsi (S. hypoleucus: VU)
  • Guadalupe murrelet, Synthliboramphus hypoleucus EN
  • Craveri's murrelet, Synthliboramphus craveri VU
  • Ancient murrelet, Synthliboramphus antiquus LC
  • Cassin's auklet, Ptychoramphus aleuticus NT
  • Parakeet auklet, Aethia psittacula LC
  • Least auklet, Aethia pusilla LC
  • Whiskered auklet, Aethia pygmaea LC
  • Crested auklet, Aethia cristatella LC
  • Rhinoceros auklet, Cerorhinca monocerata LC
  • Atlantic puffin, Fratercula arctica VU
  • Horned puffin, Fratercula corniculata LC
  • Tufted puffin, Fratercula cirrhata LC

Pigeons and doves



Order: Columbiformes   Family: Columbidae

Pigeons and doves are stout-bodied birds with short necks and short slender bills with a fleshy cere.

  • Rock dove, Columba livia (I) LC
  • Scaly-naped pigeon, Patagioenas squamosa (A) LC
  • White-crowned pigeon, Patagioenas leucocephala NT
  • Red-billed pigeon, Patagioenas flavirostris LC
  • Band-tailed pigeon, Patagioenas fasciata LC
  • Oriental turtle dove, Streptopelia orientalis (C) LC
  • European turtle dove, Streptopelia turtur (A) LC
  • Eurasian collared dove, Streptopelia decaocto (I) LC
  • Spotted dove, Spilopelia chinensis (I) LC
  • White-winged dove, Zenaida asiatica LC
  • Zenaida dove, Zenaida aurita (A) LC
  • Mourning dove, Zenaida macroura LC
  • Passenger pigeon, Ectopistes migratorius (E) EX
  • Inca dove, Columbina inca LC
  • Common ground dove, Columbina passerina LC
  • Ruddy ground dove, Columbina talpacoti LC
  • White-tipped dove, Leptotila verreauxi LC
  • Key West quail-dove, Geotrygon chrysia (C) LC
  • Ruddy quail-dove, Geotrygon montana (A) LC

Old World parrots



Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittaculidae

  • Budgerigar, Melopsittacus undulatus (I) LC
  • Rosy-faced lovebird Agapornis roseicollis (I) LC

African and New World parrots



Order: Psittaciformes   Family: Psittacidae

  • Monk parakeet, Myiopsitta monachus (I) LC
  • Carolina parakeet, Conuropsis carolinensis (E) EX
  • Green parakeet, Psittacara holochlorus LC
  • Thick-billed parrot, Rhynchopsitta pachyrhyncha (Ex) EN E
  • White-winged parakeet, Brotogeris versicolurus (I) LC
  • Red-crowned parrot, Amazona viridigenalis EN
  • Black-hooded parakeet Aratinga nenday (I) LC

Cuckoos, roadrunners and anis



Order: Cuculiformes   Family: Cuculidae

The family Cuculidae includes cuckoos, roadrunners and anis. These birds are of variable size with slender bodies, long tails and strong legs.

  • Common cuckoo, Cuculus canorus LC
  • Oriental cuckoo, Cuculus optatus (C) LC
  • Black-billed cuckoo, Coccyzus erythropthalmus LC
  • Yellow-billed cuckoo, Coccyzus americanus LC
  • Mangrove cuckoo, Coccyzus minor LC
  • Greater roadrunner, Geococcyx californianus LC
  • Smooth-billed ani, Crotophaga ani LC
  • Groove-billed ani, Crotophaga sulcirostris LC

Barn owls



Order: Strigiformes   Family: Tytonidae

Barn owls are medium to large owls with large heads and characteristic heart-shaped faces. They have long, strong legs with powerful talons.

  • Barn owl, Tyto alba LC

Typical owls



Order: Strigiformes   Family: Strigidae

Typical owls are small to large solitary nocturnal birds of prey. They have large forward-facing eyes and ears, a hawk-like beak and a conspicuous circle of feathers around each eye called a facial disk.

  • Flammulated owl, Psiloscops flammeolus LC
  • Oriental scops-owl, Otus sunia (A) LC
  • Western screech owl, Megascops kennicottii LC
  • Eastern screech owl, Megascops asio LC
  • Whiskered screech owl, Megascops trichopsis LC
  • Great horned owl, Bubo virginianus LC
  • Snowy owl, Bubo scandiacus LC
  • Northern hawk-owl, Surnia ulula LC
  • Mountain pygmy owl, Glaucidium gnoma LC
  • Ferruginous pygmy owl, Glaucidium brasilianum LC
  • Elf owl, Micrathene whitneyi LC
  • Burrowing owl, Athene cunicularia LC
  • Mottled owl, Ciccaba virgata (A) LC
  • Spotted owl, Strix occidentalis NT (Mexican spotted owl S. o. lucida and Northern spotted owl S. o. caurina: T)
  • Barred owl, Strix varia LC
  • Great gray owl, Strix nebulosa LC
  • Long-eared owl, Asio otus LC
  • Stygian owl, Asio stygius (A) LC
  • Short-eared owl, Asio flammeus LC
  • Boreal owl, Aegolius funereus LC
  • Northern saw-whet owl, Aegolius acadicus LC
  • Brown hawk-owl, Ninox scutulata (A) LC

Nightjars



Order: Caprimulgiformes   Family: Caprimulgidae

Nightjars are medium-sized nocturnal birds that usually nest on the ground. They have long wings, short legs and very short bills. Most have small feet, of little use for walking, and long pointed wings. Their soft plumage is cryptically colored to resemble bark or leaves.

  • Lesser nighthawk, Chordeiles acutipennis LC
  • Common nighthawk, Chordeiles minor LC
  • Antillean nighthawk, Chordeiles gundlachii LC
  • Common pauraque, Nyctidromus albicollis LC
  • Common poorwill, Phalaenoptilus nuttallii LC
  • Chuck-will's-widow, Antrostomus carolinensis LC
  • Buff-collared nightjar, Antrostomus ridgwayi LC
  • Eastern whip-poor-will, Antrostomus vociferus LC
  • Mexican whip-poor-will, Antrostomus arizonae LC
  • Gray nightjar, Caprimulgus jotaka (A) LC

Swifts



Order: Apodiformes   Family: Apodidae

The swifts are small birds which spend the majority of their lives flying. These birds have very short legs and never settle voluntarily on the ground, perching instead only on vertical surfaces. Many swifts have long swept-back wings which resemble a crescent or boomerang.

  • Black swift, Cypseloides niger LC
  • White-collared swift, Streptoprocne zonaris (A) LC
  • Chimney swift, Chaetura pelagica NT
  • Vaux's swift, Chaetura vauxi LC
  • White-throated needletail Hirundapus caudacutus (A) LC
  • Common swift, Apus apus (A) LC
  • Pacific swift, Apus pacificus (C) LC
  • White-throated swift, Aeronautes saxatalis LC
  • Antillean palm-swift, Tachornis phoenicobia (A) LC

Hummingbirds



Order: Apodiformes   Family: Trochilidae

Hummingbirds are small birds capable of hovering in mid-air due to the rapid flapping of their wings. They are the only birds that can fly backwards.

  • Mexican violetear, Colibri thalassinus LC
  • Green-breasted mango, Anthracothorax prevostii (C) LC
  • Broad-billed hummingbird, Cynanthus latirostris LC
  • White-eared hummingbird, Hylocharis leucotis LC
  • Xantus's hummingbird, Hylocharis xantusii (A) LC
  • Berylline hummingbird, Amazilia beryllina LC
  • Buff-bellied hummingbird, Amazilia yucatanensis LC
  • Cinnamon hummingbird, Amazilia rutila (A) LC
  • Violet-crowned hummingbird, Amazilia violiceps LC
  • Blue-throated hummingbird, Lampornis clemenciae LC
  • Magnificent hummingbird, Eugenes fulgens LC
  • Plain-capped starthroat, Heliomaster constantii (C) LC
  • Bahama woodstar, Calliphlox evelynae (A) LC
  • Lucifer hummingbird, Calothorax lucifer LC
  • Ruby-throated hummingbird, Archilochus colubris LC
  • Black-chinned hummingbird, Archilochus alexandri LC
  • Anna's hummingbird, Calypte anna LC
  • Costa's hummingbird, Calypte costae LC
  • Bumblebee hummingbird, Atthis heloisa (A) LC
  • Calliope hummingbird, Selasphorus calliope LC
  • Broad-tailed hummingbird, Selasphorus platycercus LC
  • Rufous hummingbird, Selasphorus rufus LC
  • Allen's hummingbird, Selasphorus sasin LC

Trogons



Order: Trogoniformes   Family: Trogonidae

Trogons are residents of tropical forests worldwide and have soft, often colorful, feathers with distinctive male and female plumage. They have compact bodies with long tails and short necks.

  • Elegant trogon, Trogon elegans LC
  • Eared quetzal, Euptilotis neoxenus (C) NT

Hoopoes



Order: Upupiformes   Family: Upupidae

This black, white and pink bird is quite unmistakable, especially in its erratic flight, which is like that of a giant butterfly. It is the only member of its family. The song is a trisyllabic oop-oop-oop, which gives rise to its English and scientific names.

  • Eurasian hoopoe, Upupa epops (A) LC

Kingfishers



Order: Coraciiformes   Family: Cerylidae

Kingfishers are medium-sized birds with large heads, long, pointed bills, short legs and stubby tails.

  • Ringed kingfisher, Megaceryle torquata LC
  • Belted kingfisher, Megaceryle alcyon LC
  • Amazon kingfisher, Chloroceryle amazona (A) LC
  • Green kingfisher, Chloroceryle americana LC

Woodpeckers, sapsuckers and flickers



Order: Piciformes   Family: Picidae

Woodpeckers are small to medium-sized birds with chisel-like beaks, short legs, stiff tails and long tongues used for capturing insects. Some species have feet with two toes pointing forward and two backward, while several species have only three toes. Many woodpeckers have the habit of tapping noisily on tree trunks with their beaks.

  • Eurasian wryneck, Jynx torquilla (A) LC
  • Lewis's woodpecker, Melanerpes lewis LC
  • Red-headed woodpecker, Melanerpes erythrocephalus NT
  • Acorn woodpecker, Melanerpes formicivorus LC
  • Gila woodpecker, Melanerpes uropygialis LC
  • Golden-fronted woodpecker, Melanerpes aurifrons LC
  • Red-bellied woodpecker, Melanerpes carolinus LC
  • Williamson's sapsucker, Sphyrapicus thyroideus LC
  • Yellow-bellied sapsucker, Sphyrapicus varius LC
  • Red-naped sapsucker, Sphyrapicus nuchalis LC
  • Red-breasted sapsucker, Sphyrapicus ruber LC
  • Great spotted woodpecker, Dendrocopos major (C) LC
  • Ladder-backed woodpecker, Picoides scalaris LC
  • Nuttall's woodpecker, Picoides nuttallii LC
  • Downy woodpecker, Picoides pubescens LC
  • Hairy woodpecker, Picoides villosus LC
  • Arizona woodpecker, Picoides arizonae LC
  • Red-cockaded woodpecker, Picoides borealis NT E
  • White-headed woodpecker, Picoides albolarvatus LC
  • American three-toed woodpecker, Picoides dorsalis LC
  • Black-backed woodpecker, Picoides arcticus LC
  • Northern flicker, Colaptes auratus LC
  • Gilded flicker, Colaptes chrysoides LC
  • Pileated woodpecker, Dryocopus pileatus LC
  • Ivory-billed woodpecker, Campephilus principalis (E) CR E

Antbirds



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Thamnophilidae

Antbirds are a family of Passerines found from Argentina north to Mexico. There are a great variety of antbirds, with antbirds, antwrens and antshrikes. Antshrikes are small, often handsomely marked birds. There is only one species of antbird recorded in the United States; an audio recording of a barred antshrike from Harlingen, Texas, in September, 2006.

  • Barred antshrike, Thamnophilus doliatus (A) LC

Tyrant flycatchers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tyrannidae

Tyrant flycatchers are Passerine birds which occur throughout North and South America. They superficially resemble the Old World flycatchers, but are more robust and have stronger bills. They do not have the sophisticated vocal capabilities of the songbirds. Most, but not all, are rather plain. As the name implies, most are insectivorous.

  • Northern beardless-tyrannulet, Camptostoma imberbe LC
  • Greenish elaenia, Myiopagis viridicata (A) LC
  • White-crested elaenia, Elaenia albiceps (A) LC
  • Tufted flycatcher, Mitrephanes phaeocercus (A) LC
  • Olive-sided flycatcher, Contopus cooperi NT
  • Greater pewee, Contopus pertinax LC
  • Western wood-pewee, Contopus sordidulus LC
  • Eastern wood-pewee, Contopus virens LC
  • Cuban pewee, Contopus caribaeus (A) LC
  • Yellow-bellied flycatcher, Empidonax flaviventris LC
  • Acadian flycatcher, Empidonax virescens LC
  • Alder flycatcher, Empidonax alnorum LC
  • Willow flycatcher, Empidonax traillii LC (ssp. extimus: E)
  • Least flycatcher, Empidonax minimus LC
  • Hammond's flycatcher, Empidonax hammondii LC
  • Gray flycatcher, Empidonax wrightii LC
  • Dusky flycatcher, Empidonax oberholseri LC
  • Pacific-slope flycatcher, Empidonax difficilis LC
  • Cordilleran flycatcher, Empidonax occidentalis LC
  • Buff-breasted flycatcher, Empidonax fulvifrons LC
  • Black phoebe, Sayornis nigricans LC
  • Eastern phoebe, Sayornis phoebe LC
  • Say's phoebe, Sayornis saya LC
  • Vermilion flycatcher, Pyrocephalus rubinus LC
  • Dusky-capped flycatcher, Myiarchus tuberculifer LC
  • Ash-throated flycatcher, Myiarchus cinerascens LC
  • Nutting's flycatcher, Myiarchus nuttingi (A) LC
  • Great crested flycatcher, Myiarchus crinitus LC
  • Brown-crested flycatcher, Myiarchus tyrannulus LC
  • La Sagra's flycatcher, Myiarchus sagrae LC
  • Great kiskadee, Pitangus sulphuratus LC
  • Social flycatcher, Myiozetetes similis (A) LC
  • Sulphur-bellied flycatcher, Myiodynastes luteiventris LC
  • Piratic flycatcher, Legatus leucophaius (C) LC
  • Variegated flycatcher, Empidonomus varius (A) LC
  • Crowned slaty flycatcher, Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus (A) LC
  • Tropical kingbird, Tyrannus melancholicus LC
  • Couch's kingbird, Tyrannus couchii LC
  • Cassin's kingbird, Tyrannus vociferans LC
  • Thick-billed kingbird, Tyrannus crassirostris LC
  • Western kingbird, Tyrannus verticalis LC
  • Eastern kingbird, Tyrannus tyrannus LC
  • Gray kingbird, Tyrannus dominicensis LC
  • Loggerhead kingbird, Tyrannus caudifasciatus (A) LC
  • Scissor-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus forficatus LC
  • Fork-tailed flycatcher, Tyrannus savana LC

Tityras and allies



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Tityridae

Tityridae is family of suboscine passerine birds found in forests and woodlands in the Neotropics. The approximately 30 species in this family were formerly spread over the families Tyrannidae, Pipridae and Cotingidae (see Taxonomy). As of yet, no widely accepted common name exists for the family, although "tityras and allies" and "tityras, mourners and allies" have been used. They are small to medium-sized birds.

  • Gray-collared becard, Pachyramphus major (A) LC
  • Rose-throated becard, Pachyramphus aglaiae LC
  • Masked tityra, Tityra semifasciata (A) LC

Shrikes



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Laniidae

Shrikes are passerine birds known for their habit of catching other birds and small animals and impaling the uneaten portions of their bodies on thorns. A typical shrike's beak is hooked.

  • Brown shrike, Lanius cristatus (C) LC
  • Loggerhead shrike, Lanius ludovicianus LC (ssp. mearnsi: E)
  • Northern shrike, Lanius excubitor LC

Vireos



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Vireonidae

The vireos are a group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World. They are typically greenish in color and resemble wood warblers, apart from their heavier bills.

  • White-eyed vireo, Vireo griseus LC
  • Thick-billed vireo, Vireo crassirostris (C) LC
  • Bell's vireo, Vireo bellii NT (Least Bell's vireo V. b. pusillus: E)
  • Black-capped vireo, Vireo atricapilla VU E
  • Gray vireo, Vireo vicinior LC
  • Yellow-throated vireo, Vireo flavifrons LC
  • Plumbeous vireo, Vireo plumbeus LC
  • Cassin's vireo, Vireo cassinii LC
  • Blue-headed vireo, Vireo solitarius LC
  • Hutton's vireo, Vireo huttoni LC
  • Warbling vireo, Vireo gilvus LC
  • Philadelphia vireo, Vireo philadelphicus LC
  • Red-eyed vireo, Vireo olivaceus LC
  • Yellow-green vireo, Vireo flavoviridis LC
  • Black-whiskered vireo, Vireo altiloquus LC
  • Yucatan vireo, Vireo magister (A) LC

Jays, crows, magpies and ravens



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Corvidae

The family Corvidae includes crows, ravens, jays, choughs, magpies, treepies, nutcrackers and ground jays. Corvids are above average in size among the Passeriformes, and some of the larger species show high levels of intelligence.

  • Gray jay, Perisoreus canadensis LC
  • Steller's jay, Cyanocitta stelleri LC
  • Blue jay, Cyanocitta cristata LC
  • Green jay, Cyanocorax yncas LC
  • Brown jay, Psilorhinus morio LC
  • Florida scrub jay, Aphelocoma coerulescens VU T
  • Woodhouse's scrub jay, Aphelocoma woodhouseii
  • California scrub jay, Aphelocoma californica
  • Island scrub jay, Aphelocoma insularis VU
  • Mexican jay, Aphelocoma wollweberi LC
  • Pinyon jay, Gymnorhinus cyanocephalus VU
  • Clark's nutcracker, Nucifraga columbiana LC
  • Black-billed magpie, Pica hudsonia (P. pica: LC)
  • Yellow-billed magpie, Pica nuttalli NT
  • Eurasian jackdaw, Corvus monedula (C) LC
  • American crow, Corvus brachyrhynchos LC
  • Northwestern crow, Corvus caurinus LC
  • Tamaulipas crow, Corvus imparatus LC
  • Fish crow, Corvus ossifragus LC
  • Chihuahuan raven, Corvus cryptoleucus LC
  • Common raven, Corvus corax LC

Larks



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Alaudidae

Larks are small terrestrial birds with often extravagant songs and display flights. Most larks are fairly dull in appearance. They feed on insects and seeds.

  • Sky lark, Alauda arvensis LC (regular migrant-AK) (A-CA) (Ex-NY) (I-BC & WA)
  • Horned lark, Eremophila alpestris LC (E. a. strigata T)

Swallows and martins



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Hirundinidae

The family Hirundinidae is adapted to aerial feeding. They have a slender streamlined body, long pointed wings and a short bill with a wide gape. The feet are adapted to perching rather than walking, and the front toes are partially joined at the base.

  • Purple martin, Progne subis LC
  • Cuban martin, Progne cryptoleuca (A) LC
  • Gray-breasted martin, Progne chalybea (A) LC
  • Southern martin, Progne elegans (A) LC
  • Brown-chested martin, Progne tapera (A) LC
  • Tree swallow, Tachycineta bicolor LC
  • Mangrove swallow, Tachycineta albilinea (A) LC
  • Violet-green swallow, Tachycineta thalassina LC
  • Bahama swallow, Tachycineta cyaneoviridis (C) EN
  • Northern rough-winged swallow, Stelgidopteryx serripennis LC
  • Bank swallow, Riparia riparia LC
  • Cliff swallow, Petrochelidon pyrrhonota LC
  • Cave swallow, Petrochelidon fulva LC
  • Barn swallow, Hirundo rustica LC
  • Common house martin, Delichon urbicum (C) LC

Chickadees and titmice



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Paridae

The Paridae are mainly small stocky woodland species with short stout bills. Some have crests. They are adaptable birds, with a mixed diet including seeds and insects.

  • Carolina chickadee, Poecile carolinensis LC
  • Black-capped chickadee, Poecile atricapillus LC
  • Mountain chickadee, Poecile gambeli LC
  • Mexican chickadee, Poecile sclateri LC
  • Chestnut-backed chickadee, Poecile rufescens LC
  • Boreal chickadee, Poecile hudsonicus LC
  • Gray-headed chickadee, Poecile cinctus LC
  • Bridled titmouse, Baeolophus wollweberi LC
  • Oak titmouse, Baeolophus inornatus LC
  • Juniper titmouse, Baeolophus ridgwayi LC
  • Tufted titmouse, Baeolophus bicolor LC
  • Black-crested titmouse, Baeolophus atricristatus LC

Penduline tits



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Remizidae

The penduline tits are a family of small passerine birds, related to the true tits. The verdin is the only North American representative of its family.

  • Verdin, Auriparus flaviceps LC

Bushtits



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Aegithalidae

The long-tailed tits are a family of small passerine birds. Their plumage is typically dull gray or brown in color. There is only one North American representative of this primarily Palearctic family.

  • Bushtit, Psaltriparus minimus LC

Nuthatches



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sittidae

Nuthatches are small woodland birds. They have the unusual ability to climb down trees head first, unlike other birds, which can only go upwards. Nuthatches have large heads, short tails and powerful bills and feet.

  • Red-breasted nuthatch, Sitta canadensis LC
  • White-breasted nuthatch, Sitta carolinensis LC
  • Pygmy nuthatch, Sitta pygmaea LC
  • Brown-headed nuthatch, Sitta pusilla LC

Treecreepers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Certhiidae

Treecreepers are small woodland birds, brown above and white below. They have thin, down-pointed, curved bills, which they use to extricate insects from bark. They have stiff tail feathers, like woodpeckers, which they use to support themselves vertically on trees.

  • Brown creeper, Certhia americana LC

Wrens



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Troglodytidae

Wrens are small and inconspicuous birds, except for their loud songs. They have short wings and thin down-turned bills. Several species often hold their tails upright. All are insectivorous.

  • Cactus wren, Campylorhynchus brunneicapillus LC
  • Rock wren, Salpinctes obsoletus LC
  • Canyon wren, Catherpes mexicanus LC
  • Sinaloa wren Thryophilus sinaloa (A) LC
  • Carolina wren, Thryothorus ludovicianus LC
  • Bewick's wren, Thryomanes bewickii LC
  • House wren, Troglodytes aedon LC (Guadeloupe wren T. a. guadeloupensis and Saint Lucia wren T. a. mesoleucus: E)
  • Winter wren, Troglodytes hiemalis LC
  • Pacific wren, Troglodytes pacificus (T. troglodytes: LC)
  • Sedge wren, Cistothorus platensis LC
  • Marsh wren, Cistothorus palustris LC

Gnatcatchers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Polioptilidae

These dainty birds resemble Old World warblers in their structure and habits, moving restlessly through the foliage seeking insects. The gnatcatchers are mainly soft bluish gray in color and have the typical insectivore's long, sharp bill. Many species have distinctive black head patterns (especially males) and long, regularly cocked, black-and-white tails.

  • Blue-gray gnatcatcher, Polioptila caerulea LC
  • California gnatcatcher, Polioptila californica LC (ssp. californica: T)
  • Black-tailed gnatcatcher, Polioptila melanura LC
  • Black-capped gnatcatcher, Polioptila nigriceps LC

Dippers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Cinclidae

Dippers are named for their bobbing or dipping movements. They are unique among passerines for their ability to dive and swim underwater.

  • American dipper, Cinclus mexicanus LC

Bulbuls



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Pycnonotidae

The bulbuls are a family of medium-sized passerine songbirds native to Africa and tropical Asia. They are noisy and gregarious birds with often beautiful, striking songs.

  • Red-whiskered bulbul Pycnonotus jocosus (I) LC

Kinglets



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Regulidae

The kinglets are a small family of birds which resemble the titmice. They are very small, insectivorous birds in the genus Regulus. The adults have colored crowns, giving rise to their name.

  • Golden-crowned kinglet, Regulus satrapa LC
  • Ruby-crowned kinglet, Regulus calendula LC

Leaf-warblers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Phylloscopidae

  • Willow warbler, Phylloscopus trochilus (A) LC
  • Wood warbler, Phylloscopus sibilatrix (A) LC
  • Dusky warbler, Phylloscopus fuscatus (A) LC
  • Yellow-browed warbler, Phylloscopus inornatus (A) LC
  • Pallas's warbler, Phylloscopus proregulus (A) LC
  • Arctic warbler, Phylloscopus borealis LC
  • Kamchatka leaf warbler, Phylloscopus examinandus (A)

Old World warblers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sylviidae

The family Sylviidae is a group of small, insectivorous, passerine birds. Most are of generally undistinguished appearance, but many have distinctive songs.

  • Lesser whitethroat, Sylvia curruca (A) LC
  • Wrentit, Chamaea fasciata LC

Reed-warblers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Acrocephalidae

  • Sedge warbler, Acrocephalus schoenobaenus (A) LC
  • Blyth's reed warbler, Acrocephalus dumetorum (A) LC

Grassbirds and allies



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Megaluridae

  • Middendorff's grasshopper-warbler, Locustella ochotensis (C) LC
  • Lanceolated warbler, Locustella lanceolata (A) LC

Old World flycatchers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Muscicapidae

This a large family of small passerine birds restricted to the Old World. Species below only occur in North America as vagrants. The appearance of these birds is highly varied, but they mostly have weak songs and harsh calls.

  • Narcissus flycatcher, Ficedula narcissina (A) LC
  • Mugimaki flycatcher, Ficedula mugimaki (A) LC
  • Taiga flycatcher, Ficedula albicilla (A) LC
  • Dark-sided flycatcher, Muscicapa sibirica (C) LC
  • Gray-streaked flycatcher, Muscicapa griseisticta (C) LC
  • Asian brown flycatcher, Muscicapa dauurica (A) LC
  • Spotted flycatcher, Muscicapa striata (A) LC
  • Rufous-tailed robin, Luscinia sibilans (A) LC
  • Bluethroat, Luscinia svecica LC
  • Siberian blue robin, Luscinia cyane (A) LC
  • Siberian rubythroat, Calliope calliope LC
  • Red-flanked bluetail, Tarsiger cyanurus (C) LC
  • Northern wheatear, Oenanthe oenanthe LC
  • Siberian stonechat, Saxicola maurus (C) (S. torquatus: LC)
  • Common redstart, Phoenicurus phoenicurus (A) LC

Thrushes



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Turdidae

The thrushes are a group of passerine birds that occur mainly but not exclusively in the Old World. They are plump, soft plumaged, small to medium-sized insectivores or sometimes omnivores, often feeding on the ground. Many have attractive songs.

  • Eastern bluebird, Sialia sialis LC
  • Western bluebird, Sialia mexicana LC
  • Mountain bluebird, Sialia currucoides LC
  • Townsend's solitaire, Myadestes townsendi LC
  • Brown-backed solitaire, Myadestes occidentalis (A) LC
  • Orange-billed nightingale-thrush, Catharus aurantiirostris (A) LC
  • Black-headed nightingale-thrush, Catharus mexicanus (A) LC
  • Veery, Catharus fuscescens LC
  • Gray-cheeked thrush, Catharus minimus LC
  • Bicknell's thrush, Catharus bicknelli VU
  • Swainson's thrush, Catharus ustulatus LC
  • Hermit thrush, Catharus guttatus LC
  • Wood thrush, Hylocichla mustelina NT
  • Eurasian blackbird, Turdus merula (A) LC
  • Eyebrowed thrush, Turdus obscurus LC
  • Dusky thrush, Turdus naumanni (C) LC
  • Fieldfare, Turdus pilaris (C) LC
  • Redwing, Turdus iliacus (C) LC
  • Song thrush, Turdus philomelos (A) LC
  • Clay-colored thrush, Turdus grayi LC
  • White-throated thrush, Turdus assimilis (C) LC
  • Rufous-backed thrush, Turdus rufopalliatus LC
  • American robin, Turdus migratorius LC
  • Red-legged thrush, Turdus plumbeus (A) LC
  • Varied thrush, Ixoreus naevius LC
  • Aztec thrush, Ridgwayia pinicola (C) LC

Mockingbirds and thrashers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Mimidae

The mimids are a family of passerine birds which includes thrashers, mockingbirds, tremblers and the New World catbirds. These birds are notable for their vocalization, especially their remarkable ability to mimic a wide variety of birds and other sounds heard outdoors. The species tend towards dull grays and browns in their appearance.

  • Gray catbird, Dumetella carolinensis LC
  • Northern mockingbird, Mimus polyglottos LC
  • Bahama mockingbird, Mimus gundlachii (C) LC
  • Sage thrasher, Oreoscoptes montanus LC
  • Brown thrasher, Toxostoma rufum LC
  • Long-billed thrasher, Toxostoma longirostre LC
  • Bendire's thrasher, Toxostoma bendirei VU
  • Curve-billed thrasher, Toxostoma curvirostre LC
  • California thrasher, Toxostoma redivivum LC
  • Crissal thrasher, Toxostoma crissale LC
  • Le Conte's thrasher, Toxostoma lecontei LC
  • Blue mockingbird, Melanotis caerulescens (A) LC

Starlings and mynas



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Sturnidae

Starlings and mynas are small to medium-sized Old World passerine birds with strong feet. Their flight is strong and direct and most are very gregarious. Their preferred habitat is fairly open country, and they eat insects and fruit. The plumage of several species is dark with a metallic sheen.

  • European starling, Sturnus vulgaris (I) LC
  • Common myna, Acridotheres tristis (I) LC

Accentors



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Prunellidae

The accentors are in the only bird family which is completely endemic to the Palearctic. The species below only appears in North America as a vagrant.

  • Siberian accentor, Prunella montanella (C) LC

Wagtails and pipits



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Motacillidae

Motacillidae is a family of small passerine birds with medium to long tails. They include the wagtails, longclaws and pipits. They are slender, ground feeding insectivores of open country. There are 54 species worldwide and 11 North American species.

  • Yellow wagtail, Motacilla flava LC (only Eastern yellow wagtail, Motacilla (flava) tschutschensis)
  • Citrine wagtail, Motacilla citreola (A) LC
  • Gray wagtail, Motacilla cinerea (C) LC
  • White wagtail, Motacilla alba LC
  • Tree pipit, Anthus trivialis (A) LC
  • Olive-backed pipit, Anthus hodgsoni LC
  • Pechora pipit, Anthus gustavi (C) LC
  • Red-throated pipit, Anthus cervinus LC
  • American pipit, Anthus rubescens LC
  • Sprague's pipit, Anthus spragueii VU

Waxwings



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Bombycillidae

The waxwings are a group of birds with soft silky plumage and unique red tips to some of the wing feathers. In the Bohemian and cedar waxwings, these tips look like sealing wax and give the group its name. These are arboreal birds of northern forests. They live on insects in the summer and berries in winter.

  • Bohemian waxwing, Bombycilla garrulus LC
  • Cedar waxwing, Bombycilla cedrorum LC

Silky-flycatchers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Ptiliogonatidae

The silky-flycatchers are a small family of passerine birds which occur mainly in Central America. They are related to waxwings, and like that group have soft silky plumage, usually gray or pale-yellow.

  • Gray silky-flycatcher, Ptiliogonys cinereus (A) LC
  • Phainopepla, Phainopepla nitens LC

Olive warbler



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Peucedramidae

The olive warbler is the only representative of its family. It was formally classified with the Parulidae, but DNA studies warrant its classification in a distinct family.

  • Olive warbler, Peucedramus taeniatus LC

Longspurs



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Calcariidae

The Calcariidae are a group of passerine birds which have been traditionally grouped with the Emberizeridae (New World sparrows), but differ in a number of respects and are usually found in open grassy areas.

  • McCown's longspur, Rhynchophanes mccownii LC
  • Lapland longspur, Calcarius lapponicus LC
  • Smith's longspur, Calcarius pictus LC
  • Chestnut-collared longspur, Calcarius ornatus NT
  • Snow bunting, Plectrophenax nivalis LC
  • McKay's bunting, Plectrophenax hyperboreus NT

Wood-warblers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Parulidae

The wood warblers are a group of small, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World. Most are arboreal, but some are more terrestrial. Most members of this family are insectivores. In August 2011, the North American Committee of the AOU changed their classification of many of the wood warblers. Since this list is based on the AOU classification, changes to scientific names are updated here. Since many other taxonomic committees have yet to rule on these changes (including the South American Committee of the AOU) or have ruled in other ways, species pages remain with their original scientific names until more of a consensus is achieved.

  • Bachman's warbler, Vermivora bachmanii (E) CR E
  • Blue-winged warbler, Vermivora cyanoptera LC
  • Golden-winged warbler, Vermivora chrysoptera NT
  • Tennessee warbler, Oreothlypis peregrina LC
  • Orange-crowned warbler, Oreothlypis celata LC
  • Nashville warbler, Oreothlypis ruficapilla LC
  • Virginia's warbler, Oreothlypis virginiae LC
  • Colima warbler, Oreothlypis crissalis LC
  • Lucy's warbler, Oreothlypis luciae LC
  • Crescent-chested warbler, Oreothlypis superciliosa (C) LC
  • Hooded warbler, Setophaga citrina LC
  • Northern parula, Setophaga americana LC
  • Tropical parula, Setophaga pitiayumi LC
  • Yellow warbler, Setophaga petechia LC (ssp. petechia: E)
  • Chestnut-sided warbler, Setophaga pensylvanica LC
  • Magnolia warbler, Setophaga magnolia LC
  • Cape May warbler, Setophaga tigrina LC
  • Black-throated blue warbler, Setophaga caerulescens LC
  • Yellow-rumped warbler, Setophaga coronata LC
  • Black-throated gray warbler, Setophaga nigrescens LC
  • Golden-cheeked warbler, Setophaga chrysoparia EN E
  • Black-throated green warbler, Setophaga virens LC
  • Townsend's warbler, Setophaga townsendi LC
  • Hermit warbler, Setophaga occidentalis LC
  • Blackburnian warbler, Setophaga fusca LC
  • Yellow-throated warbler, Setophaga dominica LC
  • Grace's warbler, Setophaga graciae LC
  • Pine warbler, Setophaga pinus LC
  • Kirtland's warbler, Setophaga kirtlandii NT E
  • Prairie warbler, Setophaga discolor LC
  • Palm warbler, Setophaga palmarum LC
  • Bay-breasted warbler, Setophaga castanea LC
  • Blackpoll warbler, Setophaga striata LC
  • Cerulean warbler, Setophaga cerulea VU
  • American redstart, Setophaga ruticilla LC
  • Black-and-white warbler, Mniotilta varia LC
  • Prothonotary warbler, Protonotaria citrea LC
  • Worm-eating warbler, Helmitheros vermivorus LC
  • Swainson's warbler, Limnothlypis swainsonii LC
  • Ovenbird, Seiurus aurocapilla LC
  • Northern waterthrush, Parkesia noveboracensis LC
  • Louisiana waterthrush, Parkesia motacilla LC
  • Connecticut warbler, Oporornis agilis LC
  • Mourning warbler, Geothlypis philadelphia LC
  • MacGillivray's warbler, Geothlypis tolmiei LC
  • Kentucky warbler, Geothlypis formosa LC
  • Common yellowthroat, Geothlypis trichas LC
  • Gray-crowned yellowthroat, Geothlypis poliocephala (C) LC
  • Wilson's warbler, Cardellina pusilla LC
  • Canada warbler, Cardellina canadensis LC
  • Red-faced warbler, Cardellina rubrifrons LC
  • Painted whitestart, Myioborus pictus LC
  • Slate-throated whitestart, Myioborus miniatus (C) LC
  • Fan-tailed warbler, Basileuterus lachrymosus (C) LC
  • Golden-crowned warbler, Basileuterus culicivorus (C) LC
  • Rufous-capped warbler, Basileuterus rufifrons LC
  • Yellow-breasted chat, Icteria virens LC

Tanagers



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Thraupidae

The tanagers are a large group of small to medium-sized passerine birds restricted to the New World, mainly in the tropics. Many species are brightly colored. They are seed eaters, but their preference tends towards fruit and nectar. Most have short, rounded wings.

  • Western spindalis, Spindalis zena LC
  • Bananaquit, Coereba flaveola (C) LC

American sparrows, towhees and juncos



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Emberizidae

Emberizidae is a large family of passerine birds. They are seed-eating birds with distinctively shaped bills. In Europe, most species are called buntings. In North America, most of the species in this family are known as sparrows, but these birds are not closely related to the Old World sparrows which are in the family Passeridae. Many emberizid species have distinctive head patterns.

  • White-collared seedeater, Sporophila torqueola LC
  • Yellow-faced grassquit, Tiaris olivaceus (C) LC
  • Black-faced grassquit, Tiaris bicolor (C) LC
  • Olive sparrow, Arremonops rufivirgatus LC
  • Green-tailed towhee, Pipilo chlorurus LC
  • Spotted towhee, Pipilo maculatus LC
  • Eastern towhee, Pipilo erythrophthalmus LC
  • Canyon towhee, Melozone fusca LC
  • California towhee, Melozone crissalis LC (ssp. eremophilus: T)
  • Abert's towhee, Melozone aberti LC
  • Rufous-winged sparrow, Peucaea carpalis LC
  • Cassin's sparrow, Peucaea cassinii LC
  • Bachman's sparrow, Peucaea aestivalis NT
  • Botteri's sparrow, Peucaea botterii LC
  • Rufous-crowned sparrow, Aimophila ruficeps LC
  • Five-striped sparrow, Amphispiza quinquestriata LC
  • American tree sparrow, Spizelloides arborea LC
  • Chipping sparrow, Spizella passerina LC
  • Clay-colored sparrow, Spizella pallida LC
  • Brewer's sparrow, Spizella breweri LC
  • Field sparrow, Spizella pusilla LC
  • Worthen's sparrow, Spizella wortheni (A) EN
  • Black-chinned sparrow, Spizella atrogularis LC
  • Vesper sparrow, Pooecetes gramineus LC
  • Lark sparrow, Chondestes grammacus LC
  • Black-throated sparrow, Amphispiza bilineata LC
  • Sagebrush sparrow, Artemisiospiza nevadensis (A. belli: LC)
  • Bell's sparrow, Artemisiospiza belli LC (ssp. clementeae: T)
  • Lark bunting, Calamospiza melanocorys LC
  • Savannah sparrow, Passerculus sandwichensis LC
  • Grasshopper sparrow, Ammodramus savannarum LC (ssp. floridanus: E)
  • Baird's sparrow, Ammodramus bairdii LC
  • Henslow's sparrow, Ammodramus henslowii NT
  • Le Conte's sparrow, Ammodramus leconteii LC
  • Nelson's sparrow, Ammodramus nelsoni LC
  • Saltmarsh sparrow, Ammodramus caudacutus VU
  • Seaside sparrow, Ammodramus maritimus LC (Cape Sable seaside sparrow A. m. mirabilis: E)
  • Fox sparrow, Passerella iliaca LC
  • Song sparrow, Melospiza melodia LC
  • Lincoln's sparrow, Melospiza lincolnii LC
  • Swamp sparrow, Melospiza georgiana LC
  • White-throated sparrow, Zonotrichia albicollis LC
  • Harris's sparrow, Zonotrichia querula LC
  • White-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia leucophrys LC
  • Golden-crowned sparrow, Zonotrichia atricapilla LC
  • Dark-eyed junco, Junco hyemalis LC
  • Yellow-eyed junco, Junco phaeonotus LC
  • Pine bunting, Emberiza leucocephalos (A) LC
  • Little bunting, Emberiza pusilla (C) LC
  • Yellow-browed bunting, Emberiza chrysophrys (A) LC
  • Rustic bunting, Emberiza rustica LC
  • Yellow-throated bunting, Emberiza elegans (A) LC
  • Yellow-breasted bunting, Emberiza aureola (A) EN
  • Gray bunting, Emberiza variabilis (A) LC
  • Pallas's bunting, Emberiza pallasi (A) LC
  • Reed bunting, Emberiza schoeniclus (C) LC

Cardinals, grosbeaks and allies



Order: Passeriformes   Family: cardinalidae

The cardinals are a family of robust, seed-eating birds with strong bills. They are typically associated with open woodlands. The sexes usually have distinct plumages.

  • Hepatic tanager, Piranga flava LC
  • Summer tanager, Piranga rubra LC
  • Scarlet tanager, Piranga olivacea LC
  • Western tanager, Piranga ludoviciana LC
  • Flame-colored tanager, Piranga bidentata LC
  • Crimson-collared grosbeak, Rhodothraupis celaeno (C) LC
  • Northern cardinal, Cardinalis cardinalis LC
  • Pyrrhuloxia, Cardinalis sinuatus LC
  • Yellow grosbeak, Pheucticus chrysopeplus (C) LC
  • Rose-breasted grosbeak, Pheucticus ludovicianus LC
  • Black-headed grosbeak, Pheucticus melanocephalus LC
  • Blue bunting, Cyanocompsa parellina (C) LC
  • Blue grosbeak, Passerina caerulea LC
  • Lazuli bunting, Passerina amoena LC
  • Indigo bunting, Passerina cyanea LC
  • Varied bunting, Passerina versicolor LC
  • Painted bunting, Passerina ciris NT
  • Dickcissel, Spiza americana LC

Icterids, meadowlarks, cowbirds, grackles and orioles



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Icteridae

The icterids are a group of small to medium-sized, often colorful passerine birds restricted to the New World and include the grackles, New World blackbirds and New World orioles. Most species have black as a predominant plumage color, often enlivened by yellow, orange or red.

  • Bobolink, Dolichonyx oryzivorus LC
  • Red-winged blackbird, Agelaius phoeniceus LC
  • Tricolored blackbird, Agelaius tricolor EN
  • Tawny-shouldered blackbird, Agelaius humeralis (A) LC
  • Eastern meadowlark, Sturnella magna LC
  • Western meadowlark, Sturnella neglecta LC
  • Yellow-headed blackbird, Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus LC
  • Rusty blackbird, Euphagus carolinus VU
  • Brewer's blackbird, Euphagus cyanocephalus LC
  • Common grackle, Quiscalus quiscula LC
  • Boat-tailed grackle, Quiscalus major LC
  • Great-tailed grackle, Quiscalus mexicanus LC
  • Shiny cowbird, Molothrus bonariensis LC
  • Bronzed cowbird, Molothrus aeneus LC
  • Brown-headed cowbird, Molothrus ater LC
  • Black-vented oriole, Icterus wagleri (A) LC
  • Orchard oriole, Icterus spurius LC
  • Hooded oriole, Icterus cucullatus LC
  • Streak-backed oriole, Icterus pustulatus (C) LC
  • Bullock's oriole, Icterus bullockii LC
  • Spot-breasted oriole, Icterus pectoralis (I) LC
  • Altamira oriole, Icterus gularis LC
  • Audubon's oriole, Icterus graduacauda LC
  • Baltimore oriole, Icterus galbula LC
  • Scott's oriole, Icterus parisorum LC

Finches



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Fringillidae

Finches are seed-eating passerine birds, that are small to moderately large and have a strong beak, usually conical and in some species very large. All have twelve tail feathers and nine primaries. These birds have a bouncing flight with alternating bouts of flapping and gliding on closed wings, and most sing well.

  • Common chaffinch, Fringilla coelebs (C) LC
  • Brambling, Fringilla montifringilla LC
  • Gray-crowned rosy-finch, Leucosticte tephrocotis LC
  • Black rosy-finch, Leucosticte atrata LC
  • Brown-capped rosy-finch, Leucosticte australis LC
  • Asian rosy finch, Leucosticte arctoa (A) LC
  • Pine grosbeak, Pinicola enucleator LC
  • Common rosefinch, Carpodacus erythrinus (C) LC
  • Pallas's rosefinch, Carpodacus roseus (A) LC
  • Purple finch, Haemorhous purpureus LC
  • Cassin's finch, Haemorhous cassinii NT
  • House finch, Haemorhous mexicanus LC
  • Red crossbill, Loxia curvirostra LC
  • White-winged crossbill, Loxia leucoptera LC
  • Common redpoll, Carduelis flammea LC
  • Hoary redpoll, Carduelis hornemanni
  • Eurasian siskin, Carduelis spinus (A) LC
  • Pine siskin, Carduelis pinus LC
  • Lesser goldfinch, Carduelis psaltria LC
  • Lawrence's goldfinch, Carduelis lawrencei LC
  • American goldfinch, Carduelis tristis LC
  • Oriental greenfinch, Carduelis sinica (C) LC
  • Eurasian bullfinch, Pyrrhula pyrrhula (C) LC
  • Evening grosbeak, Coccothraustes vespertinus LC
  • Hawfinch, Coccothraustes coccothraustes (C) LC

Old World sparrows



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Passeridae

Old World sparrows are small passerine birds. In general, sparrows tend to be small plump brownish or grayish birds with short tails and short powerful beaks. Sparrows are seed eaters, but they also consume small insects.

  • House sparrow, Passer domesticus (I) LC
  • Eurasian tree sparrow, Passer montanus (I) LC

Waxbills



Order: Passeriformes   Family: Estrildidae

Waxbills are small passerine birds of the Old World tropics and Australasia. They are gregarious and often colonial seed eaters with short, thick, but pointed bills. They are all similar in structure and habits, but vary widely in plumage colors and patterns. They build large, domed nests and lay five to ten white eggs.

  • Scaly-breasted munia, Lonchura punctulata (I) LC

See also



  • List of birds
  • Lists of birds by region
  • List of North American birds
  • List of mammals of North America
  • List of North American reptiles
  • List of North American amphibians
  • List of U.S. state mammals
  • List of U.S. state birds
  • U.S. state reptiles
  • List of U.S. state amphibians

References



Citations

Sources

  • Check-list of North American Birds (7th ed.). Washington, D.C.: American Ornithologists' Union. 1998. ISBN 1-891276-00-X. Retrieved February 26, 2008. 
  • "ABA checklist" (PDF). American Birding Association. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 February 2009. Retrieved 16 November 2008. 
  • Collinson, Martin (June 2006). "Splitting headaches? Recent taxonomic changes affecting the British and Western Palaearctic lists". British Birds. 99: 306â€"23. 

External links



  • U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service: Species Search
  • U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service: Endangered Species Program
  • National Marine Fisheries Serviceâ€"NOAA: Endangered Species Act
  • The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species


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